What happens if total impedance is too low?

If total impedance drops below the amplifier minimum (usually 2-4 ohms), the amplifier draws excessive current, overheats, and may shut down or be damaged. Always check your amplifier minimum impedance rating before connecting multiple speakers.

What is the difference between series and parallel wiring?

Series: impedances add up (2 × 8Ω = 16Ω). Less power from the amp but safer. Parallel: impedances divide (2 × 8Ω = 4Ω). More power from the amp but lower total impedance. Series-parallel combines both for intermediate impedance values.

Can I mix different impedance speakers?

You can, but power distribution will be uneven. In parallel, the lower impedance speaker draws more power. In series, the higher impedance speaker gets more voltage. For balanced sound, use matched impedance speakers whenever possible.

What impedance do most PA amplifiers expect?

Most professional PA amplifiers are designed for 4 or 8 ohm loads. Many can handle 2 ohms. Running at lower impedance gets more power but reduces headroom and increases heat. Running at higher impedance reduces available power but is easier on the amplifier.

AudioCalcs

Speaker Impedance Calculator — Series, Parallel & Combo Wiring

Calculate total impedance for series, parallel and series-parallel speaker wiring.

Number of Speakers

Impedance per Speaker

Wiring Configuration

How We Calculate This

Series Wiring

Z_total = Z₁ + Z₂ + ... + Zₙ

Parallel Wiring

1/Z_total = 1/Z₁ + 1/Z₂ + ... + 1/Zₙ

For identical speakers in parallel: Z_total = Z / N

Series-Parallel

Speakers are wired in parallel groups, then groups are wired in series.

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates based on standard formulas. Always verify results for critical applications.